1970 - "Apollo 13," four-fifths of the way to the moon, was crippled when a tank containing liquid oxygen burst. (The astronauts managed to return safely.)
1742 - Handel's "Messiah" was first performed publicly, in Dublin, Ireland.
1743 - the third president of the United States, Thomas Jefferson, was born.
1870 - the Metropolitan Museum of Art was founded in New York.
1943 - President Roosevelt dedicated the Jefferson Memorial.
1958 - Van Cliburn became the first American to win the Tchaikovsky International Piano Contest in Moscow.
1964 - Sidney Poitier became the first black performer in a leading role to win an Academy Award, for "Lilies of the Field."
1986 - Pope John Paul the Second visited a Rome synagogue in the first recorded papal visit of its kind.
1981 - Washington Post reporter Janet Cooke received a Pulitzer Prize for her feature about an eight-year-old heroin addict named "Jimmy"; however, Cooke relinquished the prize two days later, admitting she'd fabricated the story.
1992 - the Great Chicago Flood took place as the city's century-old tunnel system and adjacent basements filled with water from the Chicago River.
1997 - Tiger Woods became the youngest person to win the Masters Tournament and the first player of at least partly African heritage to claim a major golf title.
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